HomeTrouble CodesP2401

P2401 — Evap System Leak Detection Pump Control Circuit Low

Manufacturer-specificPowertrain (engine & transmission)

P2401 indicates that the Engine Control Module has detected a low voltage condition in the Evaporative Emission System Leak Detection Pump control circuit. This usually means the pump is not receiving enough power or the signal is being pulled low.

Symptoms

What causes it — most likely first

1. Leak Detection Pump (LDP) circuit wiring fault

Open, shorted, or corroded wires or connectors in the pump control circuit can cause a low voltage reading.

2. Faulty Leak Detection Pump

The pump itself may have an internal short or failed driver, preventing it from drawing the proper voltage.

3. Faulty pump control relay or fuse

A defective relay or a partially blown fuse can limit voltage to the pump circuit.

4. Ground or voltage reference problem

A poor chassis ground or a bad voltage reference sensor can cause the control module to see a low voltage.

5. Engine Control Module (ECM) malfunction

Only after ruling out all hardware issues should a rare ECM output driver fault be considered.

How it's diagnosed

  1. Inspect the pump control wiring and connectors for damage, corrosion, or loose pins.
  2. Measure voltage at the pump connector while the ECM commands the pump; compare to specifications.
  3. Test the pump relay and associated fuse for proper operation and continuity.
  4. Bench-test the Leak Detection Pump to verify it draws the correct current when powered.
  5. If all hardware checks are normal, perform an ECM output driver test or re‑flash the ECM to rule out software issues.

Code facts & related codes

SystemPowertrain (engine & transmission)
StandardizationManufacturer-specific (P1/B1/C1/U1)

Frequently asked

Can I fix P2401 by simply replacing the PCM?

No. In the overwhelming majority of cases the problem is a wiring, pump, relay, or fuse issue. Replacing the PCM is rarely needed and is not the first‑line solution.

Will the code clear itself after the pump runs once?

The code will not clear automatically. After repairing the underlying fault, the ECM must complete a successful pump test cycle, which may require a drive cycle or a manual reset.

Is a failed pump likely to cause other emission codes?

Yes. A malfunctioning pump can trigger additional EVAP‑related codes such as P0455 (large leak) or P0442 (small leak) because the system cannot pressurize correctly.

Do I need special tools to diagnose P2401?

A scan tool that can read live data and perform EVAP system tests is helpful, but a multimeter and basic wiring inspection tools are sufficient for most diagnoses.